Compromiso laboral: precursores, desenlaces e intervenciones en residentes de cirugía
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30944/20117582.2608Palabras clave:
cirugía general, educación de postgrado en medicina, internado y residencia, compromiso laboral, bienestar psicológico, ColombiaResumen
Introducción. El compromiso laboral, o work-engagement, es crucial para el bienestar psicológico y desempeño de los residentes de cirugía; sin embargo, la información sobre su conceptualización durante la formación quirúrgica, a partir de fundamentos teóricos y evidencia empírica es limitada.
Métodos. El presente artículo presenta una revisión narrativa del compromiso laboral en residentes de cirugía, con énfasis en sus precursores, desenlaces y estrategias para su fortalecimiento, a partir de la literatura global y la evidencia empírica disponible en nuestro país.
Resultados. El compromiso laboral representa un estado de bienestar en el ambiente de trabajo, caracterizado por vigor, dedicación y absorción. En general, el compromiso laboral de los residentes es alto en diferentes contextos. Sus principales precursores se encuentran en el ambiente quirúrgico, especialmente en la cultura y el clima educativo. El compromiso laboral se asocia con consecuencias positivas para el residente, la organización y el sistema sanitario. El ambiente sano de aprendizaje, el liderazgo educativo y la capacidad de los residentes para controlar su trabajo, son las tres principales estrategias para fortalecer el compromiso laboral.
Conclusión. El compromiso laboral es un estado de bienestar positivo en el trabajo. Con base en estudios publicados a nivel global y local, existen intervenciones concretas para fortalecerlo en el médico residente de cirugía.
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